Gravitational-magnetic-electric field interaction

Unified Interpretation of the Gravitational, Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Forces

Small total chirality in the gravitational terms originates from the cancellation of the large rightand left-handed helicity elements. Therefore, the external potential energy for gravity can be very small but finite values, and the distortion of the spacetime axes can occur. That is, gravitational field can originate from the fluctuation of the electromagnetic fields because of the slight pola...

ELF Electric and Magnetic Field Measurement Methods

This paper surveys the instrumentation, calibration procedures, measurement techniques, and standards which can be used to characterize extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields. While the focus of the paper is on power frequency and power frequency harmonic fields, the measurement methods discussed are appropriate in principle for other ELF frequencies.

Fringing Electric and Magnetic Field Sensors

Fringing electric and magnetic field sensors are widely used for non-destructive measurements of material properties. A simple conventional fringing field sensor consists of a sensor head, a current or voltage source, an impedance measurement circuit, and data processing/data acquisition capability. The sensor head is usually a patterned array of electrodes or windings on an electrically insula...

Electric - Magnetic Duality and Effective Field

New electric field in asymmetric magnetic reconnection.

We present a theory and numerical evidence for the existence of a previously unexplored in-plane electric field in collisionless asymmetric magnetic reconnection. This electric field, dubbed the "Larmor electric field," is associated with finite Larmor radius effects and is distinct from the known Hall electric field. Potentially, it could be an important indicator for the upcoming Magnetospher...